Population:
The population of Lima and the Constitutional Province of Callao is about 6´32,200 inhabitants.

Climate:
The city of Lima, capital of the same department, has a cool-warm climate with high humidity. It rarely drizzles in winter (June - August).
It is common to observe clouds and fogs in the hills near the sea.
The average temperature is 18.2 C, in summer tops 28 C and in winter drops 13 C.

History:
It was built on the Rimac valley, where appeared different preincan cultures and later dominated by Incas.
It was founded by Francisco Pizarro on January 18, 1535 and named the capital of Peruvian Viceroyship.
It was the site to trade between Spain and its colonies in America during the colonial period, being its most outstanding times: XVII and XVIII centuries. Since that time, there are still the beautiful colonial buildings, and UNESCO declared its historic center 'National Patrimony of the Humanity'.

Description:
Nowadays, Lima is a Cosmopolitan City and capital of Peru, where there are the most important political, economic, financial and educational institutions.

Lima also has the Constitutional Province of Callao, which is the most important port, and the International Airport 'Jorge Chavez', is located in this province.

Miraflores
Photograph: PromPerú

Costa Verde
Photograph: PromPerú

Lima Downtown:

The historical center of Lima is located among Rimac river and Tacna, Grau and Abancay avenues, also knows as 'Lima Cuadrada', 'El Damero de Pizarro' or 'El Cercado', since it was walled in colonial times to prevent the pirates and corsairs attacks, who wanted to plunder the city.

The Historical Center of Lima, due to its beautiful palaces, houses, churches and convents which have numerous jewelry and works of art, was named Cultural Patrinony of the Humanity by UNESCO.

• Main Square
  It was founded by the conqueror Francisco Pizarro on January 18, 1535, who planned to build around there the Presidential Palace, the Cathedral and the landmark.
  This beautiful square has buildings with viceregal balconies and an antique bronze fountain dated from 1650. It was rebuilt and it still stands today as the most beautiful place with the same elegance and brightness of those days.
  
  
• The Cathedral
  The same day that Conqueror Francisco Pizarro founded Lima , he decided to built the Cathedral. It has the beautiful sculpture of Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, the choirstalls, the churrigueresque chapel of La Inmaculada, a carved marble Christ and the Virgin of the Evangelization, crowned by Pope Juan Pablo II in 1985.
  The crypt with the remains of conqueror Francisco Pizarro is there. The Archbishop Palace with its beautiful balconies are next to the Cathedral.
  
  
• The Presidential Palace
  Nowadays, it is the site of the Executive Power, it is also known as 'Casa de Pizarro'.
  It has an elegant front of stone, interior saloons such as Eléspuru and golden saloons, which have a valuable collection of paintings.
  On the outside of palace, the soldiers of battalion 'Húsares de Junin' make a ceremony to relieve the guard at 12:00 o'clock everyday.
  
  
• The City Hall
  It has beautiful wooden balconies and a gallery of art where it is shown an important collection of colonial paintings, photographs and important documents such as : Foundation certificate of Lima signed by Francisco Pizarro on january 18, 1535 and Independence certificate of Perú signed by General José de San Martín in 1821.
  
  
• Pancho Fierro Art Gallery
  It is an important gallery of art where is shown paintings, clothing and photographs of colonial Lima. It is located in Pasaje Santa Rosa, in Cercado de Lima.